The peptide science A–Z.

Lot-specific analytical testing (identity, purity, water content, endotoxin) performed before release.

A batch-specific document detailing the identity, purity, appearance and analytical methods used to release a peptide lot.

A temperature-controlled supply chain (typically 2–8 °C or –20 °C) preserving peptide integrity from manufacture to laboratory.

Lipopolysaccharide fragments from Gram-negative bacterial cell walls; quantified by the LAL assay.

High-performance liquid chromatography — the gold-standard method for assessing peptide purity, usually with C18 reverse-phase columns and UV detection at 214 nm.

An analytical technique that ionises a sample and measures its mass-to-charge ratio to confirm molecular identity.

The percentage of the desired peptide in a lyophilised product, typically measured by HPLC peak area.

Solid-phase peptide synthesis — Merrifield's 1963 stepwise assembly of peptide chains on insoluble resin.

How long a peptide retains structural integrity and activity under defined storage conditions.

Absence of viable microbial contamination, tested by membrane filtration or direct inoculation methods.

Recommended laboratory conditions for long-term peptide preservation — typically lyophilised at –20 °C, protected from light.

Formal demonstration that an analytical method consistently produces results meeting predetermined specifications.